Direct and indirect costs of the acute form of lymphatic filariasis to households in rural areas of Tamil Nadu, south India.
Identifieur interne : 00B128 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00B127; suivant : 00B129Direct and indirect costs of the acute form of lymphatic filariasis to households in rural areas of Tamil Nadu, south India.
Auteurs : K D Ramaiah [Inde] ; K. Ramu ; H. Guyatt ; K N Kumar ; S P PaniSource :
- Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH [ 1360-2276 ] ; 1998.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Acceptation des soins par le patient (), Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse de régression, Animaux, Coût de la maladie, Coûts directs des services, Facteurs socioéconomiques, Facteurs temps, Femelle, Filariose lymphatique (économie), Humains, Inde, Maladie aigüe, Mâle, Répartition par sexe, Répartition par âge, Santé en zone rurale, Wuchereria bancrofti, Études cas-témoins.
- MESH :
- économie : Filariose lymphatique.
- Acceptation des soins par le patient, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Analyse de régression, Animaux, Coût de la maladie, Coûts directs des services, Facteurs socioéconomiques, Facteurs temps, Femelle, Humains, Inde, Maladie aigüe, Mâle, Répartition par sexe, Répartition par âge, Santé en zone rurale, Wuchereria bancrofti, Études cas-témoins.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Inde.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acute Disease, Adult, Age Distribution, Animals, Case-Control Studies, Cost of Illness, Direct Service Costs, Elephantiasis, Filarial (economics), Female, Humans, India, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Acceptance of Health Care (statistics & numerical data), Regression Analysis, Rural Health, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Wuchereria bancrofti.
- MESH :
- geographic : India.
- economics : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- statistics & numerical data : Patient Acceptance of Health Care.
- Acute Disease, Adult, Age Distribution, Animals, Case-Control Studies, Cost of Illness, Direct Service Costs, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Regression Analysis, Rural Health, Sex Distribution, Socioeconomic Factors, Time Factors, Wuchereria bancrofti.
Abstract
This study examined the direct and indirect costs due to acute form of lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti to the households in rural communities in Tamil Nadu state in south India. For nearly one-third of the acute adenolymphangitis (ADL) episodes the affected did not seek treatment and for 27% of the episodes they consulted health personnel, underwent treatment and paid for it. On average, the ADL patients spent Rupees (Rs.) 2.35 (US $ 0.07) per episode on treatment, but expenditure was as high as Rs. 32.11 (US $ 0.92) among those who paid. Doctor's fees and medicines constituted 83% of the total treatment costs. Patients with multiple and longer duration episodes and with better living conditions spent relatively more on treatment. The proportion of patients who spent money on treatment was smaller in poorer households, but their treatment costs formed a relatively higher proportion of their income than those of middle and high-income households. The ADL episodes curtailed economic and domestic activities. In 87% of the episodes, the affected were not able to attend any economic activity compared to 37% of the episodes in the case of controls. Patients spent only 0.68 +/- 1.91 hours on economic activity compared to 4.40 +/- 3.74 hours by the control individuals during the ADL episodes. The sign rank test showed that the mean difference of 3.73 +/- 3.81 and 2.14 +/- 1.83 hours in the time spent on economic and domestic activity respectively between cases and controls was highly significant (P < 0.01). Regression analysis demonstrated that the difference in the time spent on activities is only due to ADL and no socio-economic variable had any effect on it. The cost of treatment and loss in economic activities combined with high incidence in the study communities indicate the extent of the economic burden imposed by the hitherto neglected acute form of lymphatic filariasis and the necessity to control it.
PubMed: 9537272
Affiliations:
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Ramu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Guyatt, H" sort="Guyatt, H" uniqKey="Guyatt H" first="H" last="Guyatt">H. Guyatt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, K N" sort="Kumar, K N" uniqKey="Kumar K" first="K N" last="Kumar">K N Kumar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pani, S P" sort="Pani, S P" uniqKey="Pani S" first="S P" last="Pani">S P Pani</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH</title><idno type="ISSN">1360-2276</idno><imprint><date when="1998" type="published">1998</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute Disease</term><term>Adult</term><term>Age Distribution</term><term>Animals</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Cost of Illness</term><term>Direct Service Costs</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (economics)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>India</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Patient Acceptance of Health Care (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Regression Analysis</term><term>Rural Health</term><term>Sex Distribution</term><term>Socioeconomic Factors</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acceptation des soins par le patient ()</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Analyse de régression</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Coût de la maladie</term><term>Coûts directs des services</term><term>Facteurs socioéconomiques</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (économie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Inde</term><term>Maladie aigüe</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Répartition par sexe</term><term>Répartition par âge</term><term>Santé en zone rurale</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term><term>Études cas-témoins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>India</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="economics" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Patient Acceptance of Health Care</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="économie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Acute Disease</term><term>Adult</term><term>Age Distribution</term><term>Animals</term><term>Case-Control Studies</term><term>Cost of Illness</term><term>Direct Service Costs</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Regression Analysis</term><term>Rural Health</term><term>Sex Distribution</term><term>Socioeconomic Factors</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Acceptation des soins par le patient</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Analyse de régression</term><term>Animaux</term><term>Coût de la maladie</term><term>Coûts directs des services</term><term>Facteurs socioéconomiques</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Inde</term><term>Maladie aigüe</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Répartition par sexe</term><term>Répartition par âge</term><term>Santé en zone rurale</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term><term>Études cas-témoins</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Inde</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This study examined the direct and indirect costs due to acute form of lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti to the households in rural communities in Tamil Nadu state in south India. For nearly one-third of the acute adenolymphangitis (ADL) episodes the affected did not seek treatment and for 27% of the episodes they consulted health personnel, underwent treatment and paid for it. On average, the ADL patients spent Rupees (Rs.) 2.35 (US $ 0.07) per episode on treatment, but expenditure was as high as Rs. 32.11 (US $ 0.92) among those who paid. Doctor's fees and medicines constituted 83% of the total treatment costs. Patients with multiple and longer duration episodes and with better living conditions spent relatively more on treatment. The proportion of patients who spent money on treatment was smaller in poorer households, but their treatment costs formed a relatively higher proportion of their income than those of middle and high-income households. The ADL episodes curtailed economic and domestic activities. In 87% of the episodes, the affected were not able to attend any economic activity compared to 37% of the episodes in the case of controls. Patients spent only 0.68 +/- 1.91 hours on economic activity compared to 4.40 +/- 3.74 hours by the control individuals during the ADL episodes. The sign rank test showed that the mean difference of 3.73 +/- 3.81 and 2.14 +/- 1.83 hours in the time spent on economic and domestic activity respectively between cases and controls was highly significant (P < 0.01). Regression analysis demonstrated that the difference in the time spent on activities is only due to ADL and no socio-economic variable had any effect on it. The cost of treatment and loss in economic activities combined with high incidence in the study communities indicate the extent of the economic burden imposed by the hitherto neglected acute form of lymphatic filariasis and the necessity to control it.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Inde</li></country></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Guyatt, H" sort="Guyatt, H" uniqKey="Guyatt H" first="H" last="Guyatt">H. Guyatt</name><name sortKey="Kumar, K N" sort="Kumar, K N" uniqKey="Kumar K" first="K N" last="Kumar">K N Kumar</name><name sortKey="Pani, S P" sort="Pani, S P" uniqKey="Pani S" first="S P" last="Pani">S P Pani</name><name sortKey="Ramu, K" sort="Ramu, K" uniqKey="Ramu K" first="K" last="Ramu">K. Ramu</name></noCountry><country name="Inde"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ramaiah, K D" sort="Ramaiah, K D" uniqKey="Ramaiah K" first="K D" last="Ramaiah">K D Ramaiah</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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